View Future GrowthDiscovery Alaska 過去の業績過去 基準チェック /06Discovery Alaskaの収益は年間平均-16.6%の割合で減少していますが、 Metals and Mining業界の収益は年間 増加しています。収益は年間15.2% 99.9%割合で 減少しています。主要情報-16.61%収益成長率-14.17%EPS成長率Metals and Mining 業界の成長22.33%収益成長率-99.91%株主資本利益率-168.65%ネット・マージン-8,191.69%前回の決算情報31 Dec 2025最近の業績更新Reported Earnings • Sep 30Full year 2021 earnings released: AU$0.001 loss per share (vs AU$0.008 profit in FY 2020)Full year 2021 results: Net loss: AU$266.3k (down 117% from profit in FY 2020). Over the last 3 years on average, earnings per share has increased by 44% per year whereas the company’s share price has increased by 49% per year.すべての更新を表示Recent updatesBoard Change • May 28Less than half of directors are independentNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. 1 independent director (2 non-independent directors). Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The following issues are considered to be risks according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model: Minority of independent directors. Insufficient board refreshment.Board Change • May 20Less than half of directors are independentNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. 1 independent director (2 non-independent directors). Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The following issues are considered to be risks according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model: Minority of independent directors. Insufficient board refreshment.お知らせ • Feb 06Discovery Alaska Limited has filed a Follow-on Equity Offering in the amount of AUD 0.354 million.Discovery Alaska Limited has filed a Follow-on Equity Offering in the amount of AUD 0.354 million. Security Name: Ordinary Shares Security Type: Common Stock Securities Offered: 22,125,000 Price\Range: AUD 0.016 Transaction Features: Subsequent Direct ListingBoard Change • Dec 24Less than half of directors are independentNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. 1 independent director (2 non-independent directors). Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The following issues are considered to be risks according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model: Minority of independent directors. Insufficient board refreshment.お知らせ • Oct 23Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 24, 2025Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 24, 2025. Location: at armada accountants & advisors, 18 sangiorgio court, osborne park, Australiaお知らせ • Oct 11Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 25, 2024Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 25, 2024.Board Change • Oct 08Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.New Risk • Sep 11New major risk - Financial positionThe company has less than a year of cash runway based on its current free cash flow trend. Free cash flow: -AU$444k This is considered a major risk. With less than a year's worth of cash, the company will need to raise capital or take on debt unless its cash flows improve. This would dilute existing shareholders or increase balance sheet risk. Currently, the following risks have been identified for the company: Major Risks Less than 1 year of cash runway based on free cash flow trend (-AU$444k free cash flow). Shares are highly illiquid. Earnings have declined by 61% per year over the past 5 years. Revenue is less than US$1m (AU$8.2k revenue, or US$5.4k). Market cap is less than US$10m (AU$2.34m market cap, or US$1.56m).Board Change • Jul 29Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • May 17Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Mar 19Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Jan 30Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Nov 16Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.お知らせ • Oct 19Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 27, 2023Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 27, 2023, at 12:00 W. Australia Standard Time. Agenda: To consider election of director.Board Change • Oct 06Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Apr 18Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Mar 01Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Jan 16Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Nov 26Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Aug 19Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Aug 05Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Recent Insider Transactions • May 31Insider recently sold AU$232k worth of stockOn the 24th of May, Steven Formica sold around 4m shares on-market at roughly AU$0.059 per share. This was the largest sale by an insider in the last 3 months. Insiders have been net sellers, collectively disposing of AU$480k more than they bought in the last 12 months.Board Change • May 19Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Mar 31Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 3 experienced directors. No highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Jan 14Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 3 experienced directors. No highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Board Change • Dec 08Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 3 experienced directors. No highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.Reported Earnings • Sep 30Full year 2021 earnings released: AU$0.001 loss per share (vs AU$0.008 profit in FY 2020)Full year 2021 results: Net loss: AU$266.3k (down 117% from profit in FY 2020). Over the last 3 years on average, earnings per share has increased by 44% per year whereas the company’s share price has increased by 49% per year.Board Change • Sep 30Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 3 experienced directors. No highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The following issues are considered to be risks according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model: Insufficient board refreshment.収支内訳Discovery Alaska の稼ぎ方とお金の使い方。LTMベースの直近の報告された収益に基づく。収益と収入の歴史CHIA:DAF 収益、費用、利益 ( )AUD Millions日付収益収益G+A経費研究開発費31 Dec 25000030 Sep 25000030 Jun 25000031 Mar 25000031 Dec 24000030 Sep 240-10030 Jun 240-20031 Mar 240-20031 Dec 230-20030 Sep 230-10030 Jun 23000031 Mar 23000031 Dec 22000030 Sep 22000030 Jun 22000031 Mar 22000031 Dec 21000030 Sep 21000030 Jun 21000031 Mar 21100031 Dec 20200030 Sep 20210030 Jun 20220031 Mar 20120031 Dec 19010030 Sep 19000030 Jun 190-11031 Mar 190-11031 Dec 180-11030 Sep 180-10030 Jun 18000031 Mar 18100031 Dec 17100030 Sep 17100030 Jun 17100031 Mar 17100031 Dec 16100030 Sep 16100030 Jun 16100031 Mar 16000031 Dec 15000030 Sep 150-100質の高い収益: DAFは現在利益が出ていません。利益率の向上: DAFは現在利益が出ていません。フリー・キャッシュフローと収益の比較過去の収益成長分析収益動向: DAFは利益が出ておらず、過去 5 年間で損失は年間16.6%の割合で増加しています。成長の加速: DAFの過去 1 年間の収益成長を 5 年間の平均と比較することはできません。現在は利益が出ていないためです。収益対業界: DAFは利益が出ていないため、過去 1 年間の収益成長をMetals and Mining業界 ( 59.9% ) と比較することは困難です。株主資本利益率高いROE: DAFは現在利益が出ていないため、自己資本利益率 ( -168.65% ) はマイナスです。総資産利益率使用総資本利益率過去の好業績企業の発掘7D1Y7D1Y7D1YMaterials 、過去の業績が好調な企業。View Financial Health企業分析と財務データの現状データ最終更新日（UTC時間）企業分析2026/06/04 15:12終値2026/05/28 00:00収益2025/12/31年間収益2025/06/30データソース企業分析に使用したデータはS&P Global Market Intelligence LLC のものです。本レポートを作成するための分析モデルでは、以下のデータを使用しています。データは正規化されているため、ソースが利用可能になるまでに時間がかかる場合があります。パッケージデータタイムフレーム米国ソース例会社財務10年損益計算書キャッシュ・フロー計算書貸借対照表SECフォーム10-KSECフォーム10-Qアナリストのコンセンサス予想+プラス3年予想財務アナリストの目標株価アナリストリサーチレポートBlue Matrix市場価格30年株価配当、分割、措置ICEマーケットデータSECフォームS-1所有権10年トップ株主インサイダー取引SECフォーム4SECフォーム13Dマネジメント10年リーダーシップ・チーム取締役会SECフォーム10-KSECフォームDEF 14A主な進展10年会社からのお知らせSECフォーム8-K* 米国証券を対象とした例であり、非米国証券については、同等の規制書式および情報源を使用。特に断りのない限り、すべての財務データは1年ごとの期間に基づいていますが、四半期ごとに更新されます。これは、TTM（Trailing Twelve Month）またはLTM（Last Twelve Month）データとして知られています。詳細はこちら。分析モデルとスノーフレーク本レポートを生成するために使用した分析モデルの詳細は当社のGithubページでご覧いただけます。また、レポートの使用方法に関するガイドやYoutubeのチュートリアルも掲載しています。シンプリー・ウォールストリート分析モデルを設計・構築した世界トップクラスのチームについてご紹介します。業界およびセクターの指標私たちの業界とセクションの指標は、Simply Wall Stによって6時間ごとに計算されます。アナリスト筋Discovery Alaska Limited 0 これらのアナリストのうち、弊社レポートのインプットとして使用した売上高または利益の予想を提出したのは、 。アナリストの投稿は一日中更新されます。0
Reported Earnings • Sep 30Full year 2021 earnings released: AU$0.001 loss per share (vs AU$0.008 profit in FY 2020)Full year 2021 results: Net loss: AU$266.3k (down 117% from profit in FY 2020). Over the last 3 years on average, earnings per share has increased by 44% per year whereas the company’s share price has increased by 49% per year.
Board Change • May 28Less than half of directors are independentNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. 1 independent director (2 non-independent directors). Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The following issues are considered to be risks according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model: Minority of independent directors. Insufficient board refreshment.
Board Change • May 20Less than half of directors are independentNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. 1 independent director (2 non-independent directors). Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The following issues are considered to be risks according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model: Minority of independent directors. Insufficient board refreshment.
お知らせ • Feb 06Discovery Alaska Limited has filed a Follow-on Equity Offering in the amount of AUD 0.354 million.Discovery Alaska Limited has filed a Follow-on Equity Offering in the amount of AUD 0.354 million. Security Name: Ordinary Shares Security Type: Common Stock Securities Offered: 22,125,000 Price\Range: AUD 0.016 Transaction Features: Subsequent Direct Listing
Board Change • Dec 24Less than half of directors are independentNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. 1 independent director (2 non-independent directors). Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The following issues are considered to be risks according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model: Minority of independent directors. Insufficient board refreshment.
お知らせ • Oct 23Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 24, 2025Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 24, 2025. Location: at armada accountants & advisors, 18 sangiorgio court, osborne park, Australia
お知らせ • Oct 11Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 25, 2024Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 25, 2024.
Board Change • Oct 08Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
New Risk • Sep 11New major risk - Financial positionThe company has less than a year of cash runway based on its current free cash flow trend. Free cash flow: -AU$444k This is considered a major risk. With less than a year's worth of cash, the company will need to raise capital or take on debt unless its cash flows improve. This would dilute existing shareholders or increase balance sheet risk. Currently, the following risks have been identified for the company: Major Risks Less than 1 year of cash runway based on free cash flow trend (-AU$444k free cash flow). Shares are highly illiquid. Earnings have declined by 61% per year over the past 5 years. Revenue is less than US$1m (AU$8.2k revenue, or US$5.4k). Market cap is less than US$10m (AU$2.34m market cap, or US$1.56m).
Board Change • Jul 29Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • May 17Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Mar 19Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Jan 30Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Nov 16Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
お知らせ • Oct 19Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 27, 2023Discovery Alaska Limited, Annual General Meeting, Nov 27, 2023, at 12:00 W. Australia Standard Time. Agenda: To consider election of director.
Board Change • Oct 06Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Apr 18Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Mar 01Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Jan 16Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Nov 26Less than half of directors are independentFollowing the recent departure of a director, there is only 1 independent director on the board. The company's board is composed of: 1 independent director. 2 non-independent directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last independent director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company's minority of independent directors is a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Aug 19Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Aug 05Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Recent Insider Transactions • May 31Insider recently sold AU$232k worth of stockOn the 24th of May, Steven Formica sold around 4m shares on-market at roughly AU$0.059 per share. This was the largest sale by an insider in the last 3 months. Insiders have been net sellers, collectively disposing of AU$480k more than they bought in the last 12 months.
Board Change • May 19Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 1 experienced director. 2 highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Mar 31Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 3 experienced directors. No highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Jan 14Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 3 experienced directors. No highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Board Change • Dec 08Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 3 experienced directors. No highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The company’s insufficient board refreshment is considered a risk according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model.
Reported Earnings • Sep 30Full year 2021 earnings released: AU$0.001 loss per share (vs AU$0.008 profit in FY 2020)Full year 2021 results: Net loss: AU$266.3k (down 117% from profit in FY 2020). Over the last 3 years on average, earnings per share has increased by 44% per year whereas the company’s share price has increased by 49% per year.
Board Change • Sep 30Insufficient new directorsNo new directors have joined the board in the last 3 years. The company's board is composed of: No new directors. 3 experienced directors. No highly experienced directors. Independent Non-Executive Director Jerko Zuvela was the last director to join the board, commencing their role in 2014. The following issues are considered to be risks according to the Simply Wall St Risk Model: Insufficient board refreshment.