Is Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd (SZSE:301358) Using Too Much Debt?

The external fund manager backed by Berkshire Hathaway's Charlie Munger, Li Lu, makes no bones about it when he says 'The biggest investment risk is not the volatility of prices, but whether you will suffer a permanent loss of capital.' So it might be obvious that you need to consider debt, when you think about how risky any given stock is, because too much debt can sink a company. We note that Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery Material Co.,Ltd. (SZSE:301358) does have debt on its balance sheet. But the real question is whether this debt is making the company risky.

When Is Debt A Problem?

Generally speaking, debt only becomes a real problem when a company can't easily pay it off, either by raising capital or with its own cash flow. In the worst case scenario, a company can go bankrupt if it cannot pay its creditors. However, a more frequent (but still costly) occurrence is where a company must issue shares at bargain-basement prices, permanently diluting shareholders, just to shore up its balance sheet. By replacing dilution, though, debt can be an extremely good tool for businesses that need capital to invest in growth at high rates of return. The first thing to do when considering how much debt a business uses is to look at its cash and debt together.

Check out our latest analysis for Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd

How Much Debt Does Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd Carry?

As you can see below, at the end of September 2024, Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd had CN¥6.22b of debt, up from CN¥4.67b a year ago. Click the image for more detail. On the flip side, it has CN¥1.08b in cash leading to net debt of about CN¥5.14b.

How Strong Is Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd's Balance Sheet?

We can see from the most recent balance sheet that Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd had liabilities of CN¥12.5b falling due within a year, and liabilities of CN¥3.51b due beyond that. Offsetting these obligations, it had cash of CN¥1.08b as well as receivables valued at CN¥9.11b due within 12 months. So it has liabilities totalling CN¥5.81b more than its cash and near-term receivables, combined.

Given Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd has a market capitalization of CN¥35.3b, it's hard to believe these liabilities pose much threat. But there are sufficient liabilities that we would certainly recommend shareholders continue to monitor the balance sheet, going forward.

We use two main ratios to inform us about debt levels relative to earnings. The first is net debt divided by earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA), while the second is how many times its earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) covers its interest expense (or its interest cover, for short). Thus we consider debt relative to earnings both with and without depreciation and amortization expenses.

While Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd's debt to EBITDA ratio (2.7) suggests that it uses some debt, its interest cover is very weak, at 2.5, suggesting high leverage. In large part that's due to the company's significant depreciation and amortisation charges, which arguably mean its EBITDA is a very generous measure of earnings, and its debt may be more of a burden than it first appears. So shareholders should probably be aware that interest expenses appear to have really impacted the business lately. Worse, Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd's EBIT was down 87% over the last year. If earnings continue to follow that trajectory, paying off that debt load will be harder than convincing us to run a marathon in the rain. There's no doubt that we learn most about debt from the balance sheet. But ultimately the future profitability of the business will decide if Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd can strengthen its balance sheet over time. So if you're focused on the future you can check out this free report showing analyst profit forecasts.

Finally, while the tax-man may adore accounting profits, lenders only accept cold hard cash. So it's worth checking how much of that EBIT is backed by free cash flow. Over the last three years, Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd saw substantial negative free cash flow, in total. While investors are no doubt expecting a reversal of that situation in due course, it clearly does mean its use of debt is more risky.

Our View

To be frank both Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd's conversion of EBIT to free cash flow and its track record of (not) growing its EBIT make us rather uncomfortable with its debt levels. Having said that, its ability to handle its total liabilities isn't such a worry. We're quite clear that we consider Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd to be really rather risky, as a result of its balance sheet health. For this reason we're pretty cautious about the stock, and we think shareholders should keep a close eye on its liquidity. There's no doubt that we learn most about debt from the balance sheet. But ultimately, every company can contain risks that exist outside of the balance sheet. We've identified 5 warning signs with Hunan Yuneng New Energy Battery MaterialLtd (at least 1 which is a bit concerning) , and understanding them should be part of your investment process.

When all is said and done, sometimes its easier to focus on companies that don't even need debt. Readers can access a list of growth stocks with zero net debt 100% free, right now.

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This article by Simply Wall St is general in nature. We provide commentary based on historical data and analyst forecasts only using an unbiased methodology and our articles are not intended to be financial advice. It does not constitute a recommendation to buy or sell any stock, and does not take account of your objectives, or your financial situation. We aim to bring you long-term focused analysis driven by fundamental data. Note that our analysis may not factor in the latest price-sensitive company announcements or qualitative material. Simply Wall St has no position in any stocks mentioned.